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4.4Chemistry 01. Materials And Their Structure

Understand that a molecule is formed when two or more atoms join… — Cambridge Checkpoint Science 0893 Revision Notes & Topical Questions

5 min read 6 parts Lesson 4 of 11 1 quiz

📚 Cambridge Checkpoint Science 0893 Hub / Topical Revision
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Lesson summary

4.4 Molecules and compounds — CHECKPOINT - Lower Secondary Science 0893 notes: Understand that a molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically and that a compound is formed from different kinds of atoms.Molecule — a particle formed when two or more atoms join…

  • Molecules of elements
  • Molecules of compounds
  • Particle diagram
  • Metal first
  • Ending ide
  • Ending ate

Section 1 of 6Molecules

1Molecule2 points
  • a particle formed when two or more atoms join together chemically.
  • The joining of atoms is called bonding.
2Molecules of elements2 points
  • a molecule of an element has atoms of the same kind.
  • Oxygen, O2, has two oxygen atoms and sulfur has a molecule of eight sulfur atoms.

Section 2 of 6Compounds

1Compound2 points
  • a substance in which two or more different kinds of atom are bonded together.
  • Carbon dioxide, water and methane are compounds.
2Molecules of compounds2 points
  • they contain different kinds of atoms.
  • Carbon dioxide CO2, water H2O and methane CH4.

Section 3 of 6Elements compared with compounds

FeatureElementCompound
AtomsOne kind onlyTwo or more kinds bonded together
PropertiesOwn propertiesCompletely different from the elements in it
ExampleOxygen, O2Water, H2O
  • Sodium chloride is very different from sodium and chlorine, the elements it is made from.

Section 4 of 6Using particle diagrams

  • Particle diagram
    • shows which atoms make up a particle.
  • Deciding
    • if different kinds of atoms are bonded together the substance is a compound, but if all atoms are the same it is an element.

Section 5 of 6Naming compounds

  • Metal first
    • if a compound contains a metal, the name of the metal comes first.
  • Ending ide
    • the non-metal name changes, usually to end in ide, such as sodium chloride.
  • Ending ate
    • compounds with oxygen and two other elements often end in ate, such as calcium carbonate.
  • Number prefixes
    • di means two and mono means one, as in carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

Section 6 of 6Chemical formulae

  • Formula
    • uses the symbols of the elements in a compound.
    • A small number below and to the right of a symbol shows how many atoms of that element there are.
    • If there is no number, there is one atom.
NameFormulaAtoms
Carbon dioxideCO21 carbon and 2 oxygen
Carbon monoxideCO1 carbon and 1 oxygen
Calcium carbonateCaCO31 calcium, 1 carbon and 3 oxygen

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