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HIA International — Grade 6

Unit 1: Cells and organisms

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Unit 2: States of matter, atoms and compounds

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Unit 3: The Solar System and energy

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Unit 4: Living organisms and classification

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Unit 5: Metals, non-metals, acids and alkalis

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Unit 6: Sound, the Earth and eclipses

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Unit 7: Microorganisms and food webs

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Unit 8: Chemical reactions

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Unit 9: Electricity and circuits

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Quiz

Checkpoint Grade 6 Unit 2 – 2.3 Explaining Changes Of State

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Explaining Changes Of State Checkpoint Chemistry quiz: free practice for Cambridge Checkpoint (chemistry). Work through this Explaining Changes Of State Checkpoint Chemistry quiz and get instant feedback on every answer. If you get stuck, review the 9.3 Explaining changes of state lesson. More practice: Cambridge Checkpoint (chemistry) — all units. Syllabus: Cambridge Lower Secondary programme.

  • Questions count: 40
  • Passing grade: B+
  • Time limit:
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1.
Which statement best expresses the lesson objective about Explaining changes of state?
Describe particle behaviour when energy is transferred
The terms attractive force and expand are always interchangeable
Evidence is unnecessary when studying Explaining changes of state
Every model is an exact copy of reality
2.
Which practical work belongs to Explaining Changes Of State?
Use observations to classify materials and evaluate a particle model
Measure temperature and volume while heating water and identify patterns in results
Interpret a water-cycle diagram and connect evaporation, condensation, precipitation and run-off
Model particles physically to represent melting, freezing, evaporation and condensation
3.
Which statement correctly describes evaporation?
evaporating easily at ordinary temperatures
how quickly a liquid evaporates, affected by temperature, surface area and airflow
the escape of the fastest particles from the surface of a liquid
the supply or removal of energy that causes a change of state
4.
Nadia heated a tube of solid stearic acid in a water bath and recorded its temperature every minute. The graph shows her results. Between 4 and 10 minutes heat energy was still being transferred to the stearic acid, but the temperature did not rise. What was this energy doing?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 1
Making each particle swell until the particles all touched each other
Making the particles vibrate so much they broke out of their fixed pattern
Nothing, because the water bath stopped transferring heat during this time
Letting the fastest particles escape from the surface as a gas
5.
The diagram shows the particles of one substance in three states, A, B and C, with four numbered arrows for changes of state. Which arrow shows a change in which the particles give out energy and go from being spread out to touching each other?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 2
Arrow number 1
Arrow number 2
Arrow number 3
Arrow number 4
6.
Kwame let a tube of hot liquid lauric acid cool in a beaker of cold water and plotted this graph. What is happening to the particles between 4 and 8 minutes?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 3
They give out energy and settle into a fixed pattern
They take in energy and break away from each other
They stop moving completely so no energy is transferred
They escape as bubbles of gas from all through the liquid
7.
In the demonstration shown, a cold brass ball passes through a metal ring. After the ball is heated in a flame for three minutes it will not pass through. Four students explain this. Which explanation is correct?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 4
Each particle in the ball gets bigger when it is heated
The ball starts to melt, so its particles spread out like a gas
The particles in the ball vibrate more and take up more space
Heat energy is a substance that fills the gaps inside the ball
8.
Mei left the glass of iced water shown in a warm kitchen. After ten minutes droplets appeared on the OUTSIDE of the glass. Which is the best explanation?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 5
Water particles from inside the glass passed through the glass to the outside
Water vapour particles in the air lost energy to the cold glass and came together
The ice gave out cold, which turned the particles of air into liquid water
Water vapour particles gained energy from the glass and so turned into liquid
9.
The diagram shows the same alcohol thermometer in a room at 20 °C and then in hot water at 60 °C. No alcohol was added. Which statement explains why the column of alcohol is longer at 60 °C?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 6
The alcohol particles grow larger as they get hotter
Extra alcohol particles are made when the alcohol warms up
The alcohol particles move more and take up more space
The alcohol boils and the gas pushes up the thin tube
10.
Ravi heated a copper block strongly but it stayed solid. Four students drew its particles after heating (W, X, Y and Z). Which drawing is correct?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 7
Drawing W is correct
Drawing X is correct
Drawing Y is correct
Drawing Z is correct
11.
Sofia heated crushed ice in a beaker, stirring it and reading the thermometer every minute. During which period were the particles gaining enough energy to break out of their fixed positions?
From 0 to 2 minutes
From 3 to 6 minutes
From 7 to 10 minutes
Only at exactly 3 minutes
12.
Use the table. At 90 °C, in which substance are the particles touching but able to slide past one another?
It is in mercury
It is in ethanol
It is in sulfur
It is in oxygen
13.
Jonas tested three unknown samples, P, Q and R, and recorded what he saw. Which description matches the particles in sample P?
Spread out, moving freely with no forces holding them
Held tightly in a fixed pattern, only able to vibrate
Touching and completely still, not moving at all
Touching, held weakly and able to slide past one another
14.
Four students wrote claims about changes of state. Which student is correct?
Priya is correct
Leon is correct
Sara is correct
Tom is correct
15.
Aroha sealed the end of three syringes, each holding 60 cm³ of a different substance, and pushed each plunger as hard as she could. Which explanation fits her results?
Air particles are smaller than water particles, so they can be squashed
Liquid particles are held in a fixed pattern, so they cannot move at all
Air particles have spaces between them; liquid particles already touch
Pushing the plunger crushed the air particles into smaller pieces
16.
Each option pairs a change of state with what happens to the particles. Which pairing is correct?
Melting – particles lose energy and settle into rows
Boiling – particles slow down and are pulled together
Condensing – particles lose energy and move closer together
Freezing – particles gain energy and slide apart
17.
Each option pairs an everyday observation with a particle explanation. Which pairing is correct?
Perfume spreads across a room – its particles are held in a fixed pattern
A tight metal jar lid loosens under hot water – lid particles vibrate more and take up more space
Honey can be poured – its particles have no forces between them
An ice cube keeps its shape – its particles slide freely past one another
18.
Each option pairs a state of matter with the attractive forces between its particles. Which pairing is correct?
Solid – forces are weak, so particles slide
Liquid – forces are strong and hold particles in rows
Liquid – no forces, so particles move anywhere
Gas – forces are effectively absent
19.
Each option pairs an event with the change of state and the energy transfer. Which pairing is correct?
Wet clothes drying on a line – evaporating, energy taken in
Dew forming on grass at night – evaporating, energy taken in
An ice lolly melting in the sun – freezing, energy given out
Pond water turning to ice – melting, energy taken in
20.
Engineers leave small gaps between lengths of steel railway track. Which statement uses the particle model correctly to explain why?
On hot days the steel particles grow, so the rails get longer
On hot days the steel melts a little and needs room to flow
On cold days the particles escape, so the rails need space
On hot days the particles vibrate more, so the rails expand
21.
A burn from steam at 100 °C is usually worse than a burn from water at 100 °C. Which idea best explains this?
Steam gives out extra energy to the skin as it condenses
Steam particles are bigger, so they hit the skin harder
Water at 100 °C takes in energy from the skin as it cools
Steam is at a much higher temperature than 100 °C water
22.
When Lucia fries onions in the kitchen, the smell soon reaches her bedroom upstairs. Which statement about the gas particles explains this?
They move freely in all directions with no forces holding them
They slide past one another while staying in contact
They vibrate in fixed positions and pass on the smell
They are pulled upstairs by strong attractive forces
23.
Match the term to its correct meaning: evaporation
how quickly a liquid evaporates, affected by temperature, surface area and airflow
the escape of the fastest particles from the surface of a liquid
the supply or removal of energy that causes a change of state
the fall in temperature of a liquid as its fastest particles escape
24.
When a solid is heated its particles vibrate more and take up more space, so the solid _____.
gets bigger (expands)
gets smaller (contracts)
turns straight into a gas
loses some of its mass
25.
Steam from a shower forms droplets on a cold mirror because the water particles lose energy and move _____.
further apart
faster than before
into the glass mirror
closer together
26.
As molten lead in a mould cools, its particles have less and less energy, so they become less able to _____ until they can only vibrate in a fixed pattern.
break into smaller pieces
take in heat energy
slide past one another
stay in a fixed pattern
27.
In a liquid the particles touch each other and are held together _____.
strongly in a fixed pattern
weakly by attractive forces
by no forces at all
only when it is very cold
28.
Evaporation happens when the fastest particles escape from the surface of a liquid. - True or false?
True
False
29.
In a solid, the particles are held together strongly in a fixed pattern, but they still vibrate. True or false?
True – the statement is correct
False – solid particles do not move at all
False – solid particles slide past each other
True, but only when the solid is being heated
30.
When a gas condenses, heat energy moves from the surroundings into the gas particles. True or false?
True – condensing always takes in energy
False – energy moves out of the gas particles
True, but only when the gas is steam
False – no energy moves during condensing
31.
Orange juice can be poured because its particles can slide past one another while staying in contact. True or false?
False – the particles are fixed in rows
False – the particles have no forces between them
True – the statement is correct
True, but only once it has been heated
32.
Hamid says: "A steel bridge gets longer on a hot day because each steel particle swells up in the heat." True or false?
False – the particles vibrate more, not grow
True – hot particles are larger than cold ones
True, but only for metals such as steel
False – steel bridges never change length
33.
When water boils, some particles gain enough energy to break the weak attractive forces holding them and escape as a gas. True or false?
False – the particles lose energy when boiling
False – boiling makes particles join together
True, but only at the surface of the water
True – the statement is correct
34.
As melted chocolate cools in a fridge, its particles gain energy until they can only vibrate in a fixed pattern. True or false?
True – cooling gives particles more energy
False – the particles lose energy as it cools
True, but only for dark chocolate
False – the particles stop moving completely
35.
A copper pipe that has expanded in hot water is still a solid, because attractive forces still hold its particles in position. True or false?
False – expanding turns a solid into a liquid
False – expanded particles have no forces between them
True, but only until it reaches 50 °C
True – the statement is correct
36.
Zara claims: "While ice is melting, its temperature rises steadily because energy is being taken in." True or false?
True – taking in energy always raises temperature
True, but only if the ice is stirred
False – the temperature stays the same while it melts
False – melting ice gives out energy
37.
In a gas, strong attractive forces keep the particles close together. True or false?
False – there are effectively no forces in a gas
True – gas forces are the strongest of all
True, but only in a closed container
False – gas particles are fixed in rows
38.
Omar heats water and sees bubbles forming all through the liquid at 100 °C. He concludes that particles are only escaping from the surface. True or false?
True – particles can only ever leave the surface
False – bubbles all through show boiling
True, because the bubbles are air, not water
False – the particles are condensing, not escaping
39.
Extra air can be pumped into a bicycle tyre because the gas particles have spaces between them that they can be pushed into. True or false?
False – gases cannot be compressed
False – the air particles shrink in the tyre
True – the statement is correct
True, but only if the air is heated first
40.
Freezing and condensing both involve heat energy being transferred from the particles to the surroundings. True or false?
False – both changes take in energy
False – only condensing gives out energy
True, but only below 0 °C
True – both changes give out energy
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Part of Unit 2: States of matter, atoms and compounds — see every lesson and quiz in this unit.
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