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HIA International — Grade 6

Unit 1: Cells and organisms

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Unit 2: States of matter, atoms and compounds

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Unit 3: The Solar System and energy

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Unit 4: Living organisms and classification

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Unit 5: Metals, non-metals, acids and alkalis

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Unit 6: Sound, the Earth and eclipses

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Unit 7: Microorganisms and food webs

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Unit 8: Chemical reactions

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Unit 9: Electricity and circuits

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Quiz

Checkpoint Grade 6 Unit 6 – 6.3 Structure Of The Earth

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Structure Of The Earth Checkpoint Earth and Space quiz: free practice for Cambridge Checkpoint Earth And Space 0893. Work through this Structure Of The Earth Checkpoint Earth and Space quiz and get instant feedback on every answer. If you get stuck, review the 2.3 Structure of the Earth lesson. More practice: Cambridge Checkpoint Earth And Space 0893 — all units. Syllabus: Cambridge Lower Secondary programme.

  • Questions count: 48
  • Passing grade: B+
  • Time limit:
Start Quiz
1.
Which statement best expresses the lesson objective about Structure of the Earth?
Describe a model of Earth’s internal structure
The terms continental and core are always interchangeable
Evidence is unnecessary when studying Structure of the Earth
Every model is an exact copy of reality
2.
Which practical work belongs to Structure Of The Earth?
Use particle models and demonstrations to compare sound through different media
Model echoes and apply reflection ideas to echolocation and room acoustics
Relate plate-boundary movement to earthquakes, subduction, volcanoes and fold mountains
Interpret cross-sections and use matching evidence such as fossils, rocks and coastline patterns
3.
Which statement correctly describes continental drift?
the idea that the continents have moved over geological time
the slow circulation of hot rock thought to move the plates
the scientist who proposed continental drift and was at first not believed
the region where two tectonic plates meet
4.
The diagram shows a cross-section through the Earth with four layers labelled A to D. Which letter labels the layer made of liquid iron and nickel?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 1
Layer C in the diagram
Layer A in the diagram
Layer B in the diagram
Layer D in the diagram
5.
Look at the graph of density against depth. Where is the biggest sudden increase in density, and what is the best explanation?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 2
At about 5150 km, where the liquid outer core turns into solid rock
At about 2900 km, where the rocky mantle meets the iron and nickel core
At the surface, where the crust meets the water of the oceans
At about 2900 km, because the core is cooler than the mantle
6.
The diagram shows where the waves from one earthquake were detected. On the far side of the Earth, seismometers record P-waves but no S-waves. What do scientists conclude from this?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 3
The far side of the Earth has no crust, so waves cannot be detected
The core is hollow, so all waves are stopped by it completely
Part of the core is liquid, because S-waves cannot travel through liquids
S-waves are too slow to reach the far side of the Earth in time
7.
The diagram shows convection currents in the mantle beneath two tectonic plates. At which labelled position are the two plates being pulled apart?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 4
Position Q, at the left edge
Position R, at the right edge
Position S, near the core
Position P, between the plates
8.
Ibrahim uses the half egg in the diagram as a model of the Earth: shell = crust, white = mantle, yolk = core. Which statement is the best evaluation of his model?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 5
The shell cannot show the crust, because the crust is the thickest layer
The white stands for the core, so the layers are in the wrong order
The yolk is one layer, but the real core has a liquid outer and a solid inner part
The model is useless because an egg is much smaller than the Earth
9.
Engineers measured the rock temperature at different depths in a mine. If the pattern continues, what would they expect the rock temperature to be at 3000 m?
About 80 °C
About 160 °C
About 18 °C
About 93 °C
10.
Using the table, which sample is most like the material of the Earth's core, and why?
The iron–nickel sample; its density of 7.9 g/cm³ is the greatest
The granite; it has the greatest mass of all the samples
The peridotite; it is the rock found deepest down
The basalt; it has the smallest volume of the rocks
11.
Ravi is making a scale model of the Earth's layers using the scale shown. How thick should he make the mantle in his model?
290 cm thick
29 cm thick
2900 cm thick
about 3 mm thick
12.
According to the table, by about how much will the distance between Africa and South America increase in 1000 years?
About 25 centimetres
About 250 metres
About 25 metres
About 2500 metres
13.
Which row of Zainab's revision notes contains a scientific mistake?
Row 1 – the crust is liquid, not solid
Row 2 – the mantle is a layer of liquid lava
Row 3 – the outer core is made of solid granite
Row 4 – the inner core is iron and nickel, not rock
14.
The table shows that the inner core is hotter than the outer core, yet it is solid. Which explanation is correct?
It is made of a metal that can never melt at any temperature
The enormous pressure at the centre holds the particles tightly together
It is cooled by the liquid outer core flowing around it
Its particles move faster than those in the outer core, so it freezes
15.
Each option pairs a layer of the Earth with a description. Which pairing is correct?
Inner core – liquid rock and water
Crust – thick layer of molten iron
Mantle – thin layer of solid ice
Outer core – liquid iron and nickel
16.
Each option pairs an observation with what it tells scientists. Which pairing is correct?
S-waves blocked by the core – the outer core is liquid
Fossils matching across oceans – the inner core is solid
Coastlines that fit together – the mantle is very hot
The Earth's magnetic field – the crust is thin
17.
Each option pairs a layer with how far it extends below the surface. Which pairing is correct?
Crust – from the surface to about 2900 km
Mantle – from the base of the crust to about 2900 km
Inner core – from about 70 km down to 1200 km
Outer core – from the surface down to 5 km
18.
Each option pairs a property with how it changes from the crust to the centre of the Earth. Which pairing is correct?
Temperature – decreases towards the centre
Pressure – is lowest at the centre
Density – increases towards the centre
Crust thickness – is greatest under oceans
19.
Leila makes a model of the Earth from modelling clay, with the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core all the same thickness. What is the best way to improve her model?
Make every layer twice as thick but keep them equal
Make the layers in proportion, with a very thin crust and a thick mantle
Leave out the core because it cannot be seen
Make the crust the thickest layer so it is easy to see
20.
The average density of the whole Earth is about 5.5 g/cm³, but rocks at the surface have a density of only about 2.7–3.0 g/cm³. What does this suggest?
The Earth must be hollow in the middle
The crust must be the densest layer of the Earth
The material deep inside the Earth must be much denser than surface rock
The measurements must be wrong, as density is the same everywhere
21.
The Earth's crust is sometimes compared to the skin of an apple. What does this comparison show?
The crust is soft and can be peeled off easily
The crust is the hottest layer of the Earth
The crust is the same thickness as the mantle
The crust is very thin compared with the size of the Earth
22.
Which classroom model would best show that the crust is broken into plates that are slowly moved by currents in the mantle?
Pieces of card floating on warm, thick syrup that slowly circulates
A whole, uncracked hard-boiled egg left on a desk
A glass marble cut into four equal slices
A balloon blown up until it bursts
23.
Magma erupting from a volcano is found to have come from about 100 km below the surface, under a continent. Which layer did it come from?
The inner core
The upper part of the mantle
The outer core
The ocean crust
24.
The deepest mine in the world goes about 4 km below the surface. Which layer of the Earth do the miners reach?
The top of the mantle
The outer core
Only the crust
The inner core
25.
Which layer of the Earth is the coolest, and why?
The inner core, because it is solid
The mantle, because it is the thickest
The outer core, because it is liquid
The crust, because temperature rises with depth
26.
Match the term to its correct meaning: continental drift
the rigid outer shell of the Earth made of the crust and the top of the mantle
one of the rigid sections the lithosphere is broken into
the slow circulation of hot rock thought to move the plates
the idea that the continents have moved over geological time
27.
Match the term to its correct meaning: seismic wave
the idea that the continents have moved over geological time
a wave produced by an earthquake, used to study the Earth's interior
the slow circulation of hot rock thought to move the plates
the scientist who proposed continental drift and was at first not believed
28.
Which term is described as: the region where two tectonic plates meet?
lithosphere
Wegener
plate boundary
seismic wave
29.
Matching _____ on separated continents support continental drift.
climates
cities
fossils
rivers
30.
The plates are thought to be moved by _____ currents in the mantle.
conduction
magnetic
convection
tidal
31.
According to the bar chart, the thickest layer of the Earth is the _____.
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 6
mantle, about 2900 km
crust, up to 70 km
outer core, about 2200 km
inner core, about 1220 km
32.
Directly beneath the crust lies _____, a layer of hot rock about 2900 km thick.
the mantle
the outer core
the inner core
the ocean floor
33.
Mantle rock is mostly solid, but over millions of years it can _____.
boil and evaporate
flow very slowly
turn into iron
freeze into ice
34.
In a peach model of the Earth, the skin represents the crust, the soft flesh represents the mantle and the hard stone represents _____.
the crust again
the oceans
the core
the atmosphere
35.
Matching coastlines and matching fossils are evidence for continental drift. - True or false?
True
False
36.
The lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates. - True or false?
True
False
37.
Look at the cross-section. Statement: to reach the mantle, a drill at Y would have to go roughly nine times deeper than a drill at X. True or false?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 7
False – the crust is the same thickness at X and Y
True – 65 km is about nine times 7 km
False – the crust at X under the ocean is thicker
True, but only because the ocean water adds depth at X
38.
Statement: this model suggests that mantle rock heated near the core rises, spreads out, cools and sinks again, making a convection current. True or false?
True – the coloured water follows that same loop
False – the water only rose and never sank
False – it shows that the mantle is boiling
True, but only because the water is a liquid
39.
The Earth's magnetic field is produced by the movement of the liquid outer core. True or false?
False – it comes from magnets in the crust
False – it is produced by the solid mantle
True – moving liquid iron and nickel produce it
True, but only at the North Pole
40.
The temperature decreases as you go deeper towards the centre of the Earth. True or false?
True – the centre is far from the Sun
True – deep rock is always cold
False – the temperature is the same everywhere
False – the temperature increases with depth
41.
Tectonic plates move fast enough that you could watch a continent move during one day. True or false?
False – plates move only a few centimetres a year
True – plates move several metres every hour
True, but only near a volcano
False – tectonic plates never move at all
42.
If the outer core were solid instead of liquid, S-waves from an earthquake could be detected on the opposite side of the Earth. True or false?
False – S-waves cannot travel through any rock
True – S-waves can travel through solids
False – S-waves are stopped by the mantle
True, but only if the crust were thicker
43.
Sara says: "Scientists know about the layers deep inside the Earth mainly because they have drilled all the way down to the core." True or false?
True – drills have reached the inner core
True, but only the outer core was reached
False – the evidence comes mainly from seismic waves
False – scientists have only guessed the layers
44.
Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust. True or false?
False – continental crust is denser
False – both types have the same density
True, but only near the poles
True – oceanic crust is denser
45.
Most earthquakes, volcanoes and new mountains form at the boundaries between tectonic plates. True or false?
True – that is where plates meet and move
False – they form in the middle of plates
False – they form only in the oceans
True, but only where plates move apart
46.
Pressure inside the Earth is greatest in the crust, because the air above presses down on it. True or false?
True – the air is heavier than rock
False – pressure increases towards the centre
True – the crust is squeezed the most
False – the pressure is zero at the centre
47.
A probe that reached a depth of 3000 km below the surface would be inside the outer core. True or false?
False – it would still be in the crust
False – it would be in the inner core
True – the mantle ends at about 2900 km
True, but only under the oceans
48.
Tectonic plates move because they float on the liquid outer core. True or false?
True – the outer core carries them
True, but only the oceanic plates
False – plates are fixed to the core
False – they move on the mantle, pushed by convection
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Part of Unit 6: Sound, the Earth and eclipses — see every lesson and quiz in this unit.
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