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HIA International — Grade 7

Unit 1: Breathing and respiration

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Unit 2: Dissolving, solubility and chromatography

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Unit 3: Forces, motion and pressure

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Unit 4: Ecosystems

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Unit 5: Atoms, purity and climate

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Unit 6: Light and objects in space

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Unit 7: Nutrition, health and movement

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Unit 8: Energy changes and reactions of metals

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Unit 9: Magnetism and electromagnets

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Quiz

5.4 Climate And Ice Ages

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Climate And Ice Ages Checkpoint Earth and Space quiz: free practice for Cambridge Checkpoint Earth And Space 0893. Work through this Climate And Ice Ages Checkpoint Earth and Space quiz and get instant feedback on every answer. If you get stuck, review the 3.4 Climate and ice ages lesson. More practice: Cambridge Checkpoint Earth And Space 0893 — all units. Syllabus: Cambridge Lower Secondary programme.

  • Questions count: 41
  • Passing grade: B+
  • Time limit:
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1.
Which statement correctly describes boulder?
a large rock, one of the kinds of evidence for past ice
the animal whose frozen body, named Yuka, was found in Siberia
a warmer period between glacial periods - inter means between
the thick ice that covered large parts of the world 25000 years ago
2.
During an ice age, global temperatures are:
Rising quickly
The same as today
Lower than today
Higher than today
3.
The graph shows how Antarctic temperature has changed over the last 400 000 years, worked out from ice cores. Roughly how long does one complete glacial–interglacial cycle last?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 1
About 100 000 years
About 10 000 years
About 1 000 000 years
About 11 700 years
4.
Scientists cut samples A, B and C from the Antarctic ice core shown. Which sample contains the oldest air, and why?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 2
A, as it is nearest the surface and has been exposed longest
C, as new ice forms on top each year
B, as the middle of the core is always the oldest
C, as air sinks slowly down through solid ice
5.
Air bubbles and ice from one ice core gave the two graphs shown. Which conclusion is best supported by the data?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 3
CO2 levels were high when temperatures were at their lowest
CO2 levels stayed the same while temperature changed
CO2 levels were high when temperatures were high
CO2 levels 125 000 years ago were above 420 ppm
6.
Hana looked at a slice of a pine trunk. Rings X and Y are labelled on the diagram. What do these two rings suggest about the years when they grew?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 4
X grew in a cold, dry year and Y in a warm, wet year
Both rings grew in the same kind of year
Ring width depends only on the age of the tree
X grew in a warm, wet year and Y in a poor year
7.
The diagram shows cross-sections of two valleys in the same mountain range. Which valley gives evidence that a glacier once filled it?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 5
Valley 1, which has a narrow V shape
Valley 1, because a stream flows in it
Valley 2, which has a wide U shape
Neither, as valleys cannot show past ice
8.
Dmitri counted pollen grains from four layers of mud in a lake bed. His results are shown. In which layer's time was the climate coldest?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 6
Mud from layer 1 (top)
Mud from layer 2
Mud from layer 4 (deepest)
Mud from layer 3
9.
The diagram shows two slow changes in the Earth's movement that help cause ice ages. Priya says these changes explain the warming of the last 150 years. Which is the best reply?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 7
Unlikely: they act over tens of thousands of years
Correct: the tilt changes by 2.4° every 150 years
Correct: the orbit changes shape every few decades
Unlikely: the orbit and tilt of Earth never change
10.
Dr Okafor wants to find out how much carbon dioxide was in the air 600 000 years ago. Using the table, which type of evidence should she study?
Fossils in rock layers
Widths of tree rings
Air bubbles in ice cores
Pollen in lake mud
11.
The table shows CO2 measured in air bubbles from one ice core. Apart from the most recent sample, which two samples most likely come from warm interglacial periods?
20 000 and 150 000 years ago
125 000 and 240 000 years ago
60 000 and 125 000 years ago
20 000 and 240 000 years ago
12.
Geologists found these fossils in four rock layers in a quarry in a northern country. Which layer most likely formed when the area had its coldest climate?
Rock layer D
Rock layer A (top)
Rock layer B
Rock layer C
13.
Tariq measured the ring widths of one pine tree and compared them with rainfall records. Which is the best conclusion from his data?
Wider rings caused more rain to fall in those years
Drier years gave narrower rings; test more trees to check
Rainfall has no link at all with the width of the rings
Ring width proves that 2015 was the coldest year
14.
Rangers measured how far a glacier's front had moved back from its 1950 position. Which statement about the data is correct?
Mean 16 m per year, and the retreat is slowing down
Mean 22 m per year, at a steady rate throughout
Mean 1120 m per year, at a steady rate throughout
Mean 16 m per year, and the retreat is speeding up
15.
Why do scientists use several kinds of evidence, such as ice cores, pollen, tree rings and fossils, to study past climates?
Each has limits, so agreement makes conclusions stronger
Each one gives exactly the same data, so any single one is enough
Only ice cores are trusted; the others are for practice
Using more types of evidence makes the climate change
16.
At an ice-core site, about 2 cm of new ice forms each year. Roughly how old is the ice 50 m below the surface?
About 2 500 years
About 25 years
About 100 years
About 250 years
17.
Why can ice cores NOT be used to find out about past climates in the Sahara or the Amazon?
Ice from hot places has no air bubbles in it at all
Ice cores only record rainfall, not temperature
There are no thick, ancient ice sheets there
The climate there has never changed in the past
18.
Pollen grains are light and can be blown many kilometres. How could this affect conclusions drawn from pollen in lake mud?
The pollen would show the wrong year for each mud layer
Some pollen may come from plants that did not grow there
Blown pollen turns into different plant types
It has no effect, as pollen never leaves its plant
19.
Fossil corals from warm, shallow seas are found in the rocks of a country that is now cold. What is the best conclusion?
The area's conditions were once much warmer
Coral has always been able to live in icy water
Seabirds carried the corals there last century
The fossils prove the area is warming today
20.
Which sequence correctly shows how a glacial period can begin?
Orbit changes → less sunlight → ice sheets grow
Ice sheets grow → orbit changes → less sunlight
More sunlight → ice sheets grow → orbit changes
Orbit changes → more sunlight → ice sheets melt
21.
Each type of evidence is paired with what it shows. Which pairing is correct?
Pollen in lake mud – past CO2 levels
Tree rings – good or poor growing years
Ice cores – which plants grew nearby
U-shaped valleys – warm, wet years
22.
Each term is paired with a meaning. Which pairing is correct?
Glacial period – warm phase between two cold phases
Interglacial – cold phase with advancing ice
Ice core – growth rings that record climate
Global warming – rise in average global temperature
23.
Each type of evidence is paired with a limitation. Which pairing is correct?
Ice cores – only found where trees grow
Tree rings – only found in polar regions
Fossils – the record is incomplete
Glacial landforms – very easy to date
24.
Each natural cause of climate change is paired with its effect. Which pairing is correct?
Continents moving – climate changes in a few years
Orbit and tilt change – sunlight received changes
Change in Sun's output – no effect on climate
Volcanic dust – traps sunlight and warms Earth
25.
Which term is described as: a warmer period between glacial periods - inter means between?
interglacial period
boulder
mammoth
glacial period
26.
Using the table, the percentage increase in CO2 from the glacial sample to the interglacial sample is _____.
80 percent
28.6 percent
140 percent
40 percent
27.
Samples of air from the past are trapped in _____, which show scientists how much CO2 the atmosphere once had.
bubbles in ice cores
the rings of trees
fossil shells
grains of pollen
28.
The most recent glacial period ended about _____ ago.
11 700 years
1 170 years
117 000 years
1.17 million years
29.
A very long cold span of Earth's history, made up of colder glacials and warmer interglacials, is called _____.
a heatwave
a climate zone
a glacier
an ice age
30.
Compare the two graphs. "The rise in CO2 since 1800 has been much faster than the natural rise at the end of the last glacial period." True or false?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 8
False – the natural rise was larger and quicker
False – both rises took about 200 years
True – but only because 1800 was a glacial
True – a bigger rise in far less time
31.
Large granite boulders sit on low chalk hills (details in the table). "The best explanation is that a river rolled the boulders here from the granite mountains." True or false?
True – rivers often move 3 m rocks 180 km
True – the boulders are made of chalk
False – the boulders formed where they are
False – ice is the best explanation
32.
During the last glacial period, sea levels were lower than they are today. True or false?
False – melting ice made the seas higher
False – sea level never changes over time
True – water was locked up as ice
True – because the oceans were warmer
33.
During an ice age, the whole surface of the Earth, including the tropics, is covered by ice. True or false?
True – no land is left free of ice
True – the oceans also freeze solid
False – ice ages have no ice sheets
False – ice covers large parts only
34.
The Earth's climate only started to change when people began burning fossil fuels. True or false?
True – the climate was fixed before humans
False – it has changed naturally many times
True – ice ages were caused by early humans
False – but only one ice age ever happened
35.
Large volcanic eruptions can warm the Earth for a few years because they pour out hot lava. True or false?
True – lava heats the whole atmosphere
False – their dust can cool the Earth
True – volcanoes always cause ice ages
False – eruptions never affect climate
36.
Changes in the Earth's orbit and tilt happen quickly, over just a few years. True or false?
True – the tilt changes every summer
False – they take tens of thousands of years
True – the orbit changes every century
False – the orbit and tilt never change
37.
The fossil record is complete, so every organism that lived in a past climate has been preserved. True or false?
True – all dead organisms become fossils
True – fossils always form within a year
False – the fossil record is incomplete
False – fossils never show past climates
38.
"The CO2 level measured in an ice-core bubble" is evidence, while "Changes in Earth's orbit caused the ice ages" is an explanation. True or false?
False – both statements are measurements
True – one is measured, one is a theory
False – both are only explanations
False – the first is the explanation
39.
Tree rings can give scientists information about past climates in the middle of Antarctica. True or false?
True – rings form in Antarctic ice too
True – Antarctic trees have wide rings
False – no trees grow there to study
False – tree rings show only a tree's age
40.
Bones of reindeer, which live in very cold places, have been found in caves in southern France. This suggests France was much colder during the last glacial period. True or false?
False – reindeer have always lived in warm places
False – bones cannot be used as evidence
True – they suggest a colder past climate
True – they prove France is cold today
41.
A glacier is a slow-moving mass of ice that can carry rocks along with it. True or false?
False – a glacier is a frozen lake
False – glaciers never move at all
True – but it moves faster than rivers
True – it moves slowly and moves rocks
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Part of Unit 5: Atoms, purity and climate — see every lesson and quiz in this unit.
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