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Twelfth: styles and images in the essay

Twelfth: styles and images in the essay

Point 12 of 14 — Lesson 2: Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni by Dr Abdel Halim MansourQuestion bank: 0 questions (0 with pictures)

12Twelfth: styles and images in the essay

  • Citing sayings as proof-texts (Meyerhof, Hunke) — to strengthen the argument.
  • Statistics: "two of every hundred books", "one hundred and eighty books", "forty years" — they give the speech precision.
  • The assertive style, emphasised: "in truth… (wa-al-ḥaqqa anna)", "in fact… (wa-al-wāqiʿa anna)".
  • Synonymy and detail-after-summary: he states his distinction in general and then details it across history, geology, astronomy and mathematics.
  • Contrast: between the few who are just and the majority who are spiteful, and between pride in the achievement and bewilderment at the denial.

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