Point 5 of 5 — DNA in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, Chromosome Condensation and MutationsQuestion bank: 0 questions (0 with pictures)
05Explanation questions ("Give the reason")
Give the reason: eukaryotic cells contain enormous amounts of histone proteins. Because histones are rich in the basic amino acids arginine and lysine, which carry positive charges, they attract the negative phosphate groups of the DNA strand electromagnetically at physiological pH (7.4).
Give the reason: a mutation in reproductive cells is more dangerous than in body cells. Because gametic mutations in eggs and sperm pass directly to the embryo and to successive generations, causing chronic hereditary deformities, while somatic ones end with the death of the organism or removal of the affected part.
Give the reason: the biological importance of polyploidy in plants. Polyploidy (3n, 4n, 6n) increases the size of plant cells and the thickness of their leaves, flowers and fruits and raises their sugar and protein content; it is common anddesirable in crops such as wheat, cotton and strawberry.
Give the reason: yeast is a special case in the classification of genetic material. It is a eukaryote, yet it is the only eukaryotic organism in the syllabus whose cytoplasm contains circular DNA plasmids.
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