06 Worked examples
✍️ Worked examples
Worked Example 1: Future Modality Classification and Rationale
- Problem Statement: Select the grammatically correct future form and explain why: (a) 'I have saved enough money.
- I (will buy / am going to buy) an electric scooter next week.' (b) 'Someone is knocking at the front door.
- I (will open / am going to open) it.' (c) 'Look at those dense black exhaust fumes coming from that bus!
- It (will break down / is going to break down).'
- Detailed Solution & Derivation: (a) Correct: 'am going to buy'.
- Rationale: It represents a premeditated plan/intention made before speaking ('I have saved enough money').
- (b) Correct: 'will open'.
- Rationale: It is a spontaneous, instant decision made at the moment of hearing the knock.
- (c) Correct: 'is going to break down'.
- Rationale: It is a prediction based on clear present observable evidence (dense black exhaust fumes).
✍️ Worked examples
Worked Example 2: Timetable vs. Personal Arrangement Identification
Problem Statement: Explain why Present Simple is used in (1) and Present Continuous is used in (2): (1) 'The first monorail train leaves the station at 6:00 AM.' (2) 'We are traveling to the New Capital tomorrow morning; we have booked our seats.'
- Detailed Solution & Derivation: In (1), Present Simple ('leaves') is used because the monorail operates according to a public, fixed official timetable that exists independently of any individual traveler.
- In (2), Present Continuous ('are traveling') is used because it describes a personal future arrangement that has been concretely organized and finalized with booked seats.