Dabour Hub EGEgyptian Curriculum 2026/2027
Classification of hydrocarbons

Classification of hydrocarbons

Point 9 of 15 — Lesson 1: Introduction to Organic Chemistry, Wöhler’s Synthesis and AlkanesQuestion bank: 4 questions (4 with pictures)

09 Classification of hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons

  • are organic compounds made of carbon and hydrogen only.
  • All other organic compounds are regarded as derivatives of them (one or more H atoms replaced by another atom or group).

Classification:

  • Aliphatic (open-chain) hydrocarbons
    • Saturated: alkanes (only single bonds)
    • Unsaturated: alkenes (≥ one C=C), alkynes (≥ one C≡C)
  • Cyclic hydrocarbons
    • Alicyclic: cycloalkanes (saturated rings)
    • Aromatic: benzene and compounds related to it
  • The word "aliphatic" comes from "fat": the earliest known members were obtained from fats (fatty acids), rich in hydrogen.
  • "Aromatic" compounds were first obtained from pleasant-smelling resins and natural products and contain relatively less hydrogen.

📝 Question bank for this point

4 questions linked to this point only, 4 of them with pictures.