Results of the London Settlement

04Results of the London Settlement

• The people of Syria revolted against him, and matters ended with Muhammad Ali accepting the terms of the treaty.
• The treaty deprived Egypt of the fruits of its external victories and kept it within its pre-expansion borders.
• But it secured hereditary rule of Egypt for him and his family.
• The sultan issued two firmans in 1841 (February and June) that placed Egypt under several restrictions:
  • the rulers of Egypt from Muhammad Ali's sons receive the firman of appointment from the sultan;
  • Egypt must carry out all agreements the sultan makes with foreign states;
  • coin is struck and tax levied in the sultan's name, and Egypt sends him a quarter of the government's revenue;
  • the army in peacetime must not exceed 18,000 soldiers, and Egypt may not build warships without the sultan's permission.
• The two firmans delayed Egypt's final independence from the Porte, yet the chance of real independence had been open after Muhammad Ali's victories.
• Egypt remained bound by these restrictions (the London Settlement 1840 and the two firmans of 1841) until Isma'il came to power.