Point 7 of 8 — The Molecular Structure of Water, Its Unique Properties and Water SustainabilityQuestion bank: 0 questions (0 with pictures)
07Comparison tables
Cohesion vs adhesion — like vs unlike molecules; responsible for surface tension and the unbroken water column vs responsible for wetting, capillary rise and meniscus shape.
Temporary vs permanent hardness — Ca(HCO₃)₂ removable by boiling (it decomposes to CaCO₃↓) vs CaSO₄/MgSO₄ not removed by boiling, removed by washing soda Na₂CO₃ or by ion-exchange resin.
Soft vs hard water — lathers easily with soap, dangerous to boilers if used directly vs forms scum with soap (calcium stearate), wastes detergent, and is better for drinking.
Surface water vs groundwater — rivers, lakes and reservoirs exposed to pollution and evaporation vs aquifers that are filtered and protected but refill extremely slowly, so over-pumping is mining, not use.
Distilled vs mineral water — pure H₂O, no minerals, flat taste, used in laboratories and batteries vs contains dissolved salts needed by the body.
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