The pressure of a gas trapped inside an incandescent light bulb is 0.8 atm at room temperature (27 °C). When the bulb operates, the filament heats the gas to 327 °C at constant volume. The operational pressure is:
The density of an ideal gas at temperature T and pressure P is rho. If the pressure is tripled and the absolute temperature is halved, the new density becomes:
Interpretation, solution and typical proof: rho proportional to P / T. New density = (3P) / (0.5T) = 6 * (P / T) = 6 rho.
5
The volume expansion coefficient at constant pressure (alpha_v) of an ideal gas is physically measured using:
Interpretation, solution and typical proof: Charles's capillary tube apparatus measures the expansion of an enclosed dry air column isolated by a mercury index.
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