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1.5Biology 01. Structure And Function

Understand that cells can be grouped together to form tissues,… — Cambridge Checkpoint Science 0893 Revision Notes & Topical Questions

5 min read 6 parts Lesson 5 of 12 1 quiz

📚 Cambridge Checkpoint Science 0893 Hub / Topical Revision
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Lesson summary

1.5 Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems — CHECKPOINT - Lower Secondary Science 0893 notes: Understand how cells are grouped together to form tissues, organs and organ systems.Order — cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism.Cell = the smallest unit of life.Tissue = a …

  • Animal tissue
  • Plant tissue
  • Animal organs
  • Plant organs
  • Circulatory system
  • Digestive system

Part 1 of 4Levels of organisation

Order
  • Order cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism.
Cell
Cell the smallest unit of life.
Tissue
Tissue a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function.
Organ
Organ a structure made of several different tissues working together.
Organ system
Organ system a group of organs that work together to carry out the same function.
Organism
Organism a whole living thing, which may contain many organ systems, organs and tissues.

Part 2 of 4Tissues

Animal tissue
  • Animal tissue ciliated epithelium lines the tubes leading to the lungs, and its cilia sweep mucus.
  • Muscle tissue is made of muscle cells that contract to move parts of the body.
Plant tissue
  • Plant tissue onion epidermis covers the surface of the layers inside an onion.
  • Xylem tissue carries water from roots to leaves.

Part 3 of 4Organs

Animal organs
  • Animal organs the brain, heart, stomach, intestine, lungs and muscles.
  • The brain contains neurones and several other kinds of cell.
Plant organs
  • Plant organs leaves, stems, roots and flowers.
  • A leaf contains upper epidermis, palisade layer, spongy layer and lower epidermis tissues.
  • A root contains root hair cells and several other kinds of cell.

Part 4 of 4Organ systems

LevelMade ofAnimal examplePlant example
CellOrganellesMuscle cellPalisade cell
TissueSimilar cellsMuscle tissueXylem tissue
OrganDifferent tissuesHeart, stomachLeaf, root
Organ systemSeveral organsCirculatory systemShoot system
OrganismOrgan systemsHumanSunflower
Organ systems
Circulatory system
  • Circulatory system the heart and blood vessels work together to move blood around the body.
Digestive system
  • Digestive system the stomach and intestines work together to digest food.
Dependence
  • Dependence organ systems depend on each other to keep the organism alive.

Key terms

TermMeaning
CellThe smallest unit of life.
TissueA group of similar cells working together to do one job.
OrganDifferent tissues working together to carry out a function.
Organ systemA group of organs working together for a major body function.
OrganismA whole living thing made of organ systems.
Muscle tissueTissue of muscle cells that contract to cause movement.
XylemPlant tissue that carries water from roots to leaves.

Avoid these mistakes

1
Saying a tissue contains several kinds of cell — a tissue is made of similar cells.
2
Saying the heart is an organ system — the heart is an organ, and the circulatory system is the organ system.
3
Putting the levels in the wrong order — the order is cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
4
Thinking only animals have organs — plants have leaves, stems, roots and flowers as organs.

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