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Unit 5: Metals, non-metals, acids and alkalis

Using the properties of materials — HIA International - Grade 6 Revision Notes & Topical Questions

5 min read 7 parts Lesson 5 of 8 1 quiz

📚 HIA International - Grade 6 Hub / Topical Revision
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Lesson summary

5.4 Using the properties of materials to separate mixtures — HIA INTERNATIONAL notes: Choose a separation method from the differences in properties of the substances in a mixture.Mixture — different substances that are not combined together chemicallySeparation — use a difference…

  • Copper sulfate and water
  • Property used
  • Carbon powder and table salt
  • Filter funnel
  • Filter paper
  • Conical flask

Part 1 of 5Mixtures and separation by properties

Mixture
  • Mixture different substances that are not combined together chemically
Separation
  • Separation use a difference in the properties of the substances
  • Iron is magnetic and sulfur is not, so a magnet separates them.

Part 2 of 5Separating a dissolved solid: evaporation

  • Copper sulfate and water
    • if left in a warm room, the water evaporates and leaves the copper sulfate behind in the dish

Part 3 of 5Separating liquids: condenser

1
The mixture of water and food dye is heated and boils.
2
The liquid water becomes a gas (steam) at its boiling point.
3
The gas travels along the tube into the condenser.
4
Cold water circulating around the outside of the condenser cools the gas, which condenses back to liquid water.
5
The liquid water collects in the beaker and the food dye remains in the heated container.
  • Property used
    • the water and the food dye have different boiling points

Part 4 of 5Separating sandy, salty water

1
Place a filter paper in a filter funnel over a conical flask.
2
Pour the mixture slowly into the funnel, without disturbing the wet filter paper because it tears easily.
3
The sand stays in the filter paper and the clear salty liquid passes through.
4
Heat the clear liquid gently in an evaporating basin, wearing safety glasses, and remove it from the heat when it starts to spit.
5
Leave the liquid in a warm place to evaporate and the salt remains.
  • Water
    • can be obtained by condensing the steam from the heated salty water

Part 5 of 5Separating two solids

  • Carbon powder and table salt
    • use a difference in properties such as the salt dissolving in water while carbon does not
    • Add water and stir to dissolve the salt, then filter to remove the carbon.
    • Evaporate the salty solution to obtain the salt.

Key terms

TermMeaning
MixtureDifferent substances not combined chemically.
CondenserApparatus that cools a gas so it condenses to a liquid.
Filter funnelA funnel that holds filter paper.
Filter paperPaper that holds back insoluble solids.
Conical flaskA flask that collects a filtered liquid.
EvaporationA liquid changing to a gas, leaving a dissolved solid behind.

Avoid these mistakes

1
Saying a mixture is chemically joined — the substances in a mixture are not combined chemically
2
Stirring the filter paper — the wet paper tears easily
3
Heating until the liquid is dry — remove it from the heat when it starts to spit
4
Using filtration to separate dissolved salt from water — dissolved salt passes through the filter paper

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