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HIA International — Grade 8

Unit 1: Photosynthesis and the carbon cycle

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Unit 2: Properties of materials

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Unit 3: Forces and energy

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Unit 4: Maintaining life

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Unit 5: Reactivity

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Unit 6: Sound and space

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Unit 7: Genes and inheritance

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Unit 8: Rates of reaction

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Unit 9: Electricity

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Quiz

Checkpoint Grade 8 Unit 6 – 6.4 Changes In The Earth

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Changes In The Earth Checkpoint Earth and Space quiz set 2: free practice for Cambridge Checkpoint Earth And Space 0893. Work through this Changes In The Earth Checkpoint Earth and Space quiz set 2 and get instant feedback on every answer. If you get stuck, review the 5.4 Changes in the Earth lesson. More practice: Cambridge Checkpoint Earth And Space 0893 — all units. Syllabus: Cambridge Lower Secondary programme.

  • Questions count: 50
  • Passing grade: B+
  • Time limit:
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1.
Which statement correctly describes plate boundary?
ground shaking caused by sudden energy release
one plate moving beneath another
an opening where magma or gases reach the surface
where two tectonic plates meet
2.
Which statement correctly describes earthquake?
where two tectonic plates meet
one plate moving beneath another
an opening where magma or gases reach the surface
ground shaking caused by sudden energy release
3.
Which statement correctly describes subduction?
where two tectonic plates meet
ground shaking caused by sudden energy release
an opening where magma or gases reach the surface
one plate moving beneath another
4.
Which statement correctly describes volcano?
where two tectonic plates meet
one plate moving beneath another
an opening where magma or gases reach the surface
ground shaking caused by sudden energy release
5.
Which of these is the FIRST step in the correct order?
stress or subduction occurs
an earthquake or volcano results
plates move
energy or magma is released
6.
Which step comes immediately after "stress or subduction occurs"?
plates move
an earthquake or volcano results
energy or magma is released
7.
Which practical work belongs to Changes In The Earth?
Use particle models and demonstrations to compare sound through different media
Model echoes and apply reflection ideas to echolocation and room acoustics
Interpret cross-sections and use matching evidence such as fossils, rocks and coastline patterns
Relate plate-boundary movement to earthquakes, subduction, volcanoes and fold mountains
8.
Hamza froze different volumes of water and measured the volume of ice formed. Using his bar chart, by roughly what percentage does water expand when it freezes?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 1
By about 50 per cent
By about 9 per cent
By about 4.5 per cent
By about 0.9 per cent
9.
Students collected pebbles from three sites along a river, as shown. Which statement describes the pattern and names the process responsible?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 2
Larger and sharper downstream – deposition at the sea
Smaller and rounder downstream – freeze–thaw at the coast
Smaller and rounder downstream – erosion during transport
No clear pattern – pebbles are the same at every site
10.
Molten rock cools to form igneous rock at P (a large chamber deep underground), Q (a thin sheet cutting through rock nearer the surface) and R (a lava flow). Which order runs from the largest crystals to the smallest?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 3
P, then Q, then R
R, then Q, then P
Q, then P, then R
P, then R, then Q
11.
Magma has pushed up into layers of limestone and mudstone, as shown. At which point is marble most likely to be found?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 4
K – limestone far away from the magma
L – mudstone far away from the magma
M – inside the magma after it cools
J – limestone in the zone heated by the magma
12.
Lina measured how much of the surface of old headstones had worn away. Which conclusion is best supported by her graph?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 5
Marble is weathered far faster than granite in this city
Granite is weathered faster, because it is an igneous rock
Both rocks are weathered at about the same steady rate
Marble stops being weathered once it is 50 years old
13.
The quarry wall shows four sedimentary layers and a band of igneous rock X. Which order of events is most likely?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 6
X formed first, then layers 1–4 were laid down on top of it
Layers 1–3 laid down, then X formed, then layer 4 laid down
Layers 1–4 laid down, then X pushed up through all of them
Layer 4 laid down first, then layers 3, 2 and 1 below it
14.
Using the table, about how long would the Himalayas take to rise by 1 km at their present rate?
About 250 years
About 4000 years
About 250 000 years
About 25 million years
15.
Each option pairs an event from the table with an extra effect. Which pairing is correct?
Nepal 2015 – a tsunami that flooded the high Himalayas
Iceland 2021 – fold mountains squeezed up by collision
California 1906 – plates colliding to form fold mountains
Japan 2011 – a tsunami, as the sea bed moved suddenly
16.
Omar tumbled four rocks with water to model a fast-flowing river. Which prediction is best supported by his results?
Granite would be worn away fastest, chalk slowest
Chalk would be worn away fastest, granite slowest
All four rocks would be worn away at the same rate
Marble would be worn away faster than sandstone
17.
Farah shakes a jar containing all four types of grain and leaves it for two days. Which order of layers does the table suggest, from the bottom up?
Gravel, coarse sand, fine sand, clay
Clay, fine sand, coarse sand, gravel
Coarse sand, gravel, clay, fine sand
All four grains mixed in one even layer
18.
Using the table, which layer formed most recently, and what was the area like at that time?
Layer 3, when the area was deep sea
Layer 2, when the area was a warm shallow sea
Layer 1, when the area was under the sea
Layer 1, when the area was dry land
19.
Scientists recorded the data in the table. What is the best explanation of these changes?
The volcano was becoming extinct as its magma cooled down
Weathering was slowly wearing the top of the volcano away
Magma rising below was pushing the ground up and cracking the rock
Heavy rain was filling the crater and making the ground swell
20.
Each option pairs a process with an example. Which pairing is correct?
Weathering – a river carrying mud out to sea
Erosion – wind carrying sand grains across a desert
Deposition – ice splitting a rock open
Cementation – magma melting a layer of rock
21.
Each option pairs a rock with how it formed. Which pairing is correct?
Basalt – limestone heated without melting
Marble – lava that cooled quickly
Shale – mud compacted in layers
Granite – sand grains cemented together
22.
Each option pairs an observation with a sensible conclusion. Which pairing is correct?
Rounded pebbles cemented in a rock – carried by water
Bands of aligned crystals – formed from cooled lava
Tiny crystals in basalt – cooled deep underground
Shell fossils in limestone – formed from magma
23.
Why did Hamza freeze his water in a plastic measuring cylinder rather than a glass one?
Plastic makes the water freeze to a smaller volume
Glass cylinders cannot measure volumes of water
Plastic stops the water from expanding at all
Expanding ice could crack glass and cause cuts
24.
Students want to compare how rounded pebbles are at three river sites. Which method gives the most valid comparison?
Pick the single roundest pebble at each site and compare them
Collect 20 random pebbles per site and score each on the same roundness chart
Collect pebbles only at the site nearest the school car park
Let a different student judge the pebbles at each site
25.
In Omar's tumbling experiment, which set of variables must be kept the same for each rock?
Starting mass, tumbling time and volume of water
Type of rock, which he is testing
Final mass, which he is measuring
Colour of the rock and the day of testing
26.
Which sequence explains how an earthquake under the sea causes a tsunami?
Waves reach the coast → sea bed moves → plates slip → water pushed up
Wind blows → water pushed up → plates slip → sea bed moves
Plates slip → sea bed moves suddenly → water pushed up → waves reach the coast
Water heats up → sea bed melts → plates slip → waves reach the coast
27.
Why do metamorphic rocks rarely contain clear fossils, even when they formed from sedimentary rocks that had many?
The fossils melt and turn into magma
Heat and pressure distort or destroy the fossils
Water washes the fossils out of the rock
Fossils only form in igneous rock
28.
A new island appears in the ocean after an undersea volcano erupts. What type of rock is the island mostly made of?
Sedimentary rock formed from shells
Metamorphic rock formed from marble
Fossil rock formed from sea plants
Igneous rock formed from cooled lava
29.
Zara claims: "Weathering only happens in cold places." Which example best shows she is wrong?
Acid rain wearing away limestone buildings in a warm city
Water freezing in cracks on a snowy mountain top
Ice splitting rocks during a cold winter night
Frost shattering rocks on a high, cold plateau
30.
Which plan would best test whether the steepness of a stream affects how far water carries sand?
Pour different volumes of water down a tray at different angles and watch roughly what happens
Pour water down one flat tray and measure the temperature of the sand afterwards
Pour the same volume of water down a sand tray at 5°, 10°, 15° and 20°, measuring how far the sand moves
Tilt the tray to 20° once and describe the colour of the sand that moved
31.
Plates move only a few centimetres a year, yet earthquakes are sudden. Which explanation is best?
The plates speed up to hundreds of kilometres an hour every day
Earthquakes are caused by rain soaking into the ground
Stress is released slowly and steadily, so it is never felt
The plate edges lock; stress builds for years, then is released in seconds
32.
Which term is described as: where two tectonic plates meet?
earthquake
subduction
volcano
plate boundary
33.
Which term is described as: ground shaking caused by sudden energy release?
plate boundary
subduction
volcano
earthquake
34.
Which term is described as: one plate moving beneath another?
plate boundary
earthquake
volcano
subduction
35.
Which term is described as: an opening where magma or gases reach the surface?
plate boundary
subduction
volcano
earthquake
36.
Using the table, freeze–thaw weathering is most likely to be greatest at place _____.
D, because it has the most frosty nights of all
B, with many freeze–thaw cycles and plenty of rain
C, because it has the most rain of all four places
A, because the days are hot and the nights cool
37.
Metamorphic rock forms when existing rock is changed by high temperature and/or pressure _____.
after fully melting
by rain and wind
without melting
by cementing grains
38.
Where two plates slide past each other, stress builds up until the plates suddenly slip, causing an _____.
earthquake
igneous intrusion
erosion event
metamorphic change
39.
In Farah's settling experiment, _____ is the independent variable.
the settling time
the volume of water
the height of the jar
the grain size
40.
Rock samples S1, S2 and S3 were taken from the sea floor shown. Statement: the rock at S3 is older than the rock at S1. True or false?
Dr Dabour Hub Academy - figure 7
False – S3 is newest because it is furthest out
False – all the sea-floor rock formed at the same time
True – new rock forms at the gap and moves outwards
True, but only because S3 is nearer the surface
41.
At a subduction zone, the oceanic plate sinks beneath the continental plate because oceanic crust is denser. True or false?
True – the denser plate goes underneath
False – continental crust is always denser
False – both plates always rise upwards together
True, but only when the plates move apart
42.
Ice takes up less space than the water that formed it, so cracks in rock widen when the ice melts. True or false?
True – melting ice pushes the crack apart
True, but only in hot desert rocks
False – ice and water have equal volumes
False – water expands when it freezes
43.
A slate roof tile containing flattened, stretched fossils suggests it formed from sedimentary rock squeezed by pressure. True or false?
False – slate forms from cooled lava
True – slate forms from mudstone or shale
False – fossils cannot occur in any rock
True, but the rock must have melted first
44.
Volcanoes can form at hotspots, away from plate boundaries. True or false?
False – every volcano sits on a boundary
False – hotspots only cause earthquakes
True – some form over hotspots mid-plate
True, but only on the continents
45.
An earthquake under the sea bed can cause a tsunami. True or false?
True – moving sea bed pushes the water
False – tsunamis are caused by strong winds
False – earthquakes never happen under the sea
True, but only if a volcano erupts too
46.
A porous rock made of cemented grains that contains fossil shells is most likely metamorphic. True or false?
True – fossils are typical of metamorphic rock
True, but only if it has large crystals
False – it is most likely igneous
False – it is most likely sedimentary
47.
Sediment settling on the sea bed turns into solid sedimentary rock within a few years. True or false?
True – rock forms as soon as sand settles
False – it takes millions of years
True, but only in very warm seas
False – sediment can never become rock
48.
A sedimentary rock can be changed into metamorphic rock and later melt and cool to form igneous rock. True or false?
False – each rock type stays the same forever
False – only igneous rock can ever change
True – rocks move around the rock cycle
True, but it cannot happen underground
49.
Acid rain dissolving the surface of a limestone statue is an example of erosion, because rock is lost. True or false?
False – it is chemical weathering in place
True – any loss of rock is called erosion
True, but only when wind is also blowing
False – it is an example of deposition
50.
The Himalayas are still getting higher today because the plates that formed them are still pushing together. True or false?
False – the plates stopped moving long ago
False – the mountains are sinking into the core
True, but only because of volcanoes there
True – the collision has not stopped
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Part of Unit 6: Sound and space — see every lesson and quiz in this unit.
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