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Biology & Geology (STEM)

Chapter 1 - Support and Movement in Living Organisms

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Chapter 2 - Hormonal Coordination in Living Organisms

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Chapter 3 - Reproduction in Living Organisms

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Chapter 4 - Immunity in Living Organisms

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Chapter 5 - Molecular Biology - DNA Structure and Function

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Chapter 6 - Molecular Biology - RNA, Protein Synthesis and Genetic Engineering

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Chapter 7 - Geology, Earth Sciences and Ecology

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Quiz

Lesson 1 Quiz: Support in Plants and the Human Skeletal System

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  • Questions count: 20
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1.
STEM Endocrinology Question 30: A patient suffers from increased metabolic rate, weight loss, nervousness, and protruding eyes (exophthalmos). Which endocrine condition is most likely diagnosed?
Myxedema resulting from severe hypothyroidism in adults
Cushing's syndrome from elevated cortisol
Simple endemic goiter due to iodine deficiency
Exophthalmic goiter (Hyperthyroidism caused by excessive thyroxine secretion)
2.
STEM Physiology Question 31: In a skeletal muscle motor unit consisting of 1 motor neuron and 50 muscle fibers, what is the minimum number of ATP molecules required for one complete contraction-relaxation cycle per cross-bridge?
1 ATP molecule shared across all 50 fibers
2 ATP molecules (one for cross-bridge detachment and one for Ca2+ active transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum)
0 ATP molecules (relaxation is completely passive)
10 ATP molecules per fiber
3.
STEM Molecular Genetics Question 26: Why are sticky ends produced by restriction endonucleases essential for constructing recombinant DNA plasmids?
They have single-stranded overhangs that readily form complementary hydrogen bonds with matching foreign DNA fragments
They prevent plasmids from entering bacterial cells
They mutate bacterial resistance genes permanently
They permanently destroy DNA ligase activity
4.
STEM Genetics Question 1: What is the minimum number of tRNA anticodons required to translate an mRNA transcript containing 150 codons, terminating with a UAG stop codon?
149 tRNA molecules (stop codons do not code for amino acids or tRNAs)
151 tRNA molecules
75 tRNA molecules
150 tRNA molecules
5.
STEM Geology Question 12: Which type of geological fault is formed when hanging-wall rocks slide downward relative to the footwall under tensional stress?
Reverse fault caused by lateral compressional stress
Normal fault resulting from crustal extensional (tensional) forces
Strike-slip fault with purely horizontal displacement
Thrust fault with an inclination angle less than 45 degrees
6.
STEM Genetics Question 3: What is the minimum number of tRNA anticodons required to translate an mRNA transcript containing 150 codons, terminating with a UAG stop codon?
75 tRNA molecules
149 tRNA molecules (stop codons do not code for amino acids or tRNAs)
150 tRNA molecules
151 tRNA molecules
7.
STEM Immunology Question 15: Which immune cells are directly responsible for secreting perforin proteins and granzymes to lyse virally infected cells and tumor cells?
Helper T-cells (CD4+ Th) exclusively
Mast cells releasing histamine
Cytotoxic T-cells (CD8+ Tc) and Natural Killer (NK) cells
Plasma B-cells secreting IgG
8.
STEM Ecology Question 36: In an arid desert ecosystem, what morphological adaptation enables xerophytic plants like Acacia and Opuntia to survive severe water scarcity?
Broad thin leaves with dense stomata on both surfaces
Absence of xylem vessels and thin cellulose walls
Rapid continuous transpiration during midday heat
Extensive deep or horizontal root systems, thick waxy cutin layers, and sunken stomata
9.
STEM Biology Problem 35: A double-stranded DNA segment contains 1,200 nucleotides, of which 240 are Adenine. What is the total number of Cytosine bases and hydrogen bonds in this segment?
360 Cytosine bases and 1,560 total hydrogen bonds
480 Cytosine bases and 1,800 hydrogen bonds
120 Cytosine bases and 960 hydrogen bonds
240 Cytosine bases and 1,200 hydrogen bonds
10.
STEM Physiology Question 39: In a skeletal muscle motor unit consisting of 1 motor neuron and 50 muscle fibers, what is the minimum number of ATP molecules required for one complete contraction-relaxation cycle per cross-bridge?
1 ATP molecule shared across all 50 fibers
2 ATP molecules (one for cross-bridge detachment and one for Ca2+ active transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum)
0 ATP molecules (relaxation is completely passive)
10 ATP molecules per fiber
11.
STEM Ecology Question 16: In an arid desert ecosystem, what morphological adaptation enables xerophytic plants like Acacia and Opuntia to survive severe water scarcity?
Extensive deep or horizontal root systems, thick waxy cutin layers, and sunken stomata
Absence of xylem vessels and thin cellulose walls
Rapid continuous transpiration during midday heat
Broad thin leaves with dense stomata on both surfaces
12.
STEM Geology Question 24: Which type of geological fault is formed when hanging-wall rocks slide downward relative to the footwall under tensional stress?
Strike-slip fault with purely horizontal displacement
Normal fault resulting from crustal extensional (tensional) forces
Reverse fault caused by lateral compressional stress
Thrust fault with an inclination angle less than 45 degrees
13.
STEM Molecular Genetics Question 8: Why are sticky ends produced by restriction endonucleases essential for constructing recombinant DNA plasmids?
They permanently destroy DNA ligase activity
They prevent plasmids from entering bacterial cells
They mutate bacterial resistance genes permanently
They have single-stranded overhangs that readily form complementary hydrogen bonds with matching foreign DNA fragments
14.
STEM Ecology Question 19: In an arid desert ecosystem, what morphological adaptation enables xerophytic plants like Acacia and Opuntia to survive severe water scarcity?
Extensive deep or horizontal root systems, thick waxy cutin layers, and sunken stomata
Rapid continuous transpiration during midday heat
Absence of xylem vessels and thin cellulose walls
Broad thin leaves with dense stomata on both surfaces
15.
STEM Genetics Question 31: What is the minimum number of tRNA anticodons required to translate an mRNA transcript containing 150 codons, terminating with a UAG stop codon?
149 tRNA molecules (stop codons do not code for amino acids or tRNAs)
151 tRNA molecules
150 tRNA molecules
75 tRNA molecules
16.
STEM Biology Problem 12: A double-stranded DNA segment contains 1,200 nucleotides, of which 240 are Adenine. What is the total number of Cytosine bases and hydrogen bonds in this segment?
480 Cytosine bases and 1,800 hydrogen bonds
120 Cytosine bases and 960 hydrogen bonds
360 Cytosine bases and 1,560 total hydrogen bonds
240 Cytosine bases and 1,200 hydrogen bonds
17.
STEM Physiology Question 42: In a skeletal muscle motor unit consisting of 1 motor neuron and 50 muscle fibers, what is the minimum number of ATP molecules required for one complete contraction-relaxation cycle per cross-bridge?
10 ATP molecules per fiber
0 ATP molecules (relaxation is completely passive)
2 ATP molecules (one for cross-bridge detachment and one for Ca2+ active transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum)
1 ATP molecule shared across all 50 fibers
18.
According to the Egyptian STEM biology syllabus, what is the exact scientific deduction regarding: Transcription and Translation during Protein Synthesis?
RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA from the antisense DNA template strand in the 5' to 3' direction, and translation occurs on ribosomes where tRNA anticodons bind mRNA codons
Translation begins at the UAA stop codon
DNA polymerase transcribes mRNA in the cytoplasm
tRNA molecules contain codons identical to DNA triplets
19.
STEM Physiology Question 32: In a skeletal muscle motor unit consisting of 1 motor neuron and 50 muscle fibers, what is the minimum number of ATP molecules required for one complete contraction-relaxation cycle per cross-bridge?
10 ATP molecules per fiber
1 ATP molecule shared across all 50 fibers
0 ATP molecules (relaxation is completely passive)
2 ATP molecules (one for cross-bridge detachment and one for Ca2+ active transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum)
20.
STEM Molecular Genetics Question 35: Why are sticky ends produced by restriction endonucleases essential for constructing recombinant DNA plasmids?
They prevent plasmids from entering bacterial cells
They permanently destroy DNA ligase activity
They have single-stranded overhangs that readily form complementary hydrogen bonds with matching foreign DNA fragments
They mutate bacterial resistance genes permanently
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