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Integrated Science — First Secondary

Integrated Science — First Secondary

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Question bank: Module 1 — The Hydrosphere on Planet Earth and the Water Cycle in Nature

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  • Questions count: 40
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1.
The word "environment" is derived from a French word meaning
"to protect"
"what surrounds us"
"living things"
"natural resources"
2.
Which of the following is an abiotic factor of the environment?
bacteria
algae
light
fungi
3.
A community of organisms interacting with each other and with non-living components is called
a population
an ecosystem
a sphere
a habitat only
4.
How many interconnected spheres make up the natural environment according to the book?
2
3
4
5
5.
The sphere that contains the solid rocky crust and soil is the
hydrosphere
atmosphere
lithosphere
biosphere
6.
The approximate percentage of Earth's surface covered by water is
30 %
50 %
70 %
97 %
7.
About what percentage of Earth's water is salt water?
1 %
2 %
70 %
97 %
8.
The approximate share of Earth's water that is easily available fresh water is
1 %
10 %
30 %
70 %
9.
Water stored as polar ice and glaciers is approximately
1 % of Earth's water
2 % of Earth's water
20 % of Earth's water
97 % of Earth's water
10.
Sea water is not suitable for irrigation or drinking mainly because it
is too cold
contains a high concentration of salts
has no oxygen
is polluted by plastics only
11.
The continuous movement of water between its three states through an almost closed system is the
nitrogen cycle
carbon cycle
water cycle
rock cycle
12.
The two physical forces that drive the water cycle are
magnetism and sound
solar energy and gravity
wind and tides only
volcanoes and earthquakes
13.
Formation of clouds results from
evaporation
condensation
infiltration
excretion
14.
Rainfall and snowfall are examples of
infiltration
transpiration
precipitation
respiration
15.
Water that soaks through soil pores and porous rocks forms
clouds
groundwater
dew
ocean currents
16.
The openings through which most transpiration occurs are the
lenticels only
root hairs
stomata
xylem vessels
17.
The tissue that carries water and minerals upward in the plant is the
phloem
xylem
epidermis
cuticle
18.
Transpiration lowers the temperature of a leaf because evaporation
releases heat
absorbs heat
produces light
increases pressure
19.
Which of the following is a nitrogenous waste excreted by mammals?
glucose
urea
starch
cellulose
20.
Which nitrogenous waste is almost insoluble and needs very little water for removal?
ammonia
urea
uric acid
carbon dioxide
21.
Which process, if stopped, would most directly stop vapour reaching the atmosphere from the oceans?
infiltration
surface runoff
evaporation
precipitation
22.
Increasing the rate of plant transpiration will indirectly
decrease the vapour in the atmosphere
increase the vapour in the atmosphere
stop condensation
stop evaporation of the sea
23.
Which environmental condition decreases the rate of transpiration?
strong wind
bright light
high humidity
high temperature
24.
Which of the following is NOT a biological contribution to the water cycle?
respiration
excretion
transpiration
volcanic eruption
25.
The water cycle is described as "almost closed" because
no energy enters it
the total amount of water stays practically constant
it only happens in the sea
it has no gaseous state
26.
Frozen water in glaciers belongs to which sphere?
lithosphere only
atmosphere
hydrosphere
none of them
27.
The Nile Delta was shaped largely by which effect of the water cycle?
chemical effect only
physical effect (erosion and deposition)
magnetic effect
nuclear effect
28.
Water vapour rising from the sea forms clouds mainly because of
the fall of temperature with altitude
the colour of the sea
the sea floor
Earth's magnetic field
29.
Which of the following correctly orders the steps?
condensation → evaporation → precipitation
evaporation → condensation → precipitation
precipitation → condensation → evaporation
evaporation → precipitation → condensation
30.
Respiration of an animal returns to the atmosphere
oxygen and glucose
carbon dioxide and water vapour
nitrogen and hydrogen
methane only
31.
Surface runoff finally carries most water to
the atmosphere
rivers, lakes and finally the sea
the stratosphere
the soil only
32.
Which gives the best explanation of why fresh water is a scarce resource?
fresh water cannot evaporate
only about 1 % of Earth's water is accessible fresh water
the oceans are fresh
fresh water is destroyed by the cycle
33.
A guard cell is found around
a xylem vessel
a stoma
a root hair
a nucleus
34.
Cutting down a large forest is likely to
increase local transpiration
decrease local transpiration and may reduce local rainfall
have no effect on the cycle
stop evaporation of the oceans
35.
Which is a nitrogenous waste typical of fish?
ammonia
uric acid
starch
lactic acid
36.
Groundwater is stored mainly in
clouds
pores of soil and sedimentary rocks
stomata
glaciers only
37.
A student says: "the hydrosphere distinguishes Earth from other planets in the solar system." The statement is
false, all planets have oceans
true, Earth has abundant liquid water on its surface
false, only Mars has water
true, but only because of the Moon
38.
The instrument used to measure the depth of rainfall at a place is the
hygrometer
rain gauge
barometer
hydrometer
39.
Which one of these is an example of a chemical effect of the water cycle on Earth's surface?
a river carving a valley
rainwater dissolving limestone
ice breaking rock by freezing
waves moving sand
40.
Which is the best reason for the unit's concern about population growth and water?
the number of people grows but the available fresh water is limited and renewed at a limited rate
fresh water increases when population increases
people do not use water
the cycle speeds up with the population
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