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The emergence of Muhammad Ali

The emergence of Muhammad Ali

Point 2 of 7 — Lesson 12: The Rise of Muhammad Ali and the Consolidation of His Power in EgyptQuestion bank: 0 questions (0 with pictures)

02The emergence of Muhammad Ali

How he appeared

  • Under the Mamluks economic conditions worsened, so a revolt broke out in March 1804.
  • Fearing the revolt would reach his own soldiers, Muhammad Ali declared his joining the ulema and sheikhs and mixed with the angry people.
  • He promised the ulema to strive to lift the tax from the people and ordered his soldiers to respect the populace.
  • Thus he won the people's affection and the confidence of their leaders, and they saw him as a just man who hates oppression.

The struggle over Cairo

  • He exploited the wave of anger against the Mamluks, attacked their posts in Cairo and besieged their leaders' houses, so they fled to Upper Egypt.
  • A political vacuum followed; he proposed releasing Khosrow Pasha from the Citadel and appointing him wali, and his own standing rose.
  • The Arnaut (Albanian) troops objected to Khosrow, so he proposed Khorshid Pasha, governor of Alexandria, because he was an Ottoman.
  • Khorshid distrusted Muhammad Ali and sought to be rid of him by sending him to Upper Egypt to fight the Mamluks, and asked the sultan for troops — who sent the Dalatoğlu ("the reckless"), who spread corruption and plunder.
  • Khorshid also asked for the Arnaut troops to be recalled to Istanbul; Muhammad Ali refused with the ulema's backing.
  • Khorshid obtained a decision appointing Muhammad Ali wali of Jeddah (May 1805), but he did not comply, relying on the ulema's support.

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