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The strength of the Egyptian people and the appointment of Muhammad Ali

The strength of the Egyptian people and the appointment of Muhammad Ali

Point 3 of 7 — Lesson 12: The Rise of Muhammad Ali and the Consolidation of His Power in EgyptQuestion bank: 0 questions (0 with pictures)

03The strength of the Egyptian people and the appointment of Muhammad Ali

The popular leadership

  • This force did not contend for power like the three forces; it grew out of the heart of the clash between them.
  • Egyptian leadership took shape from the days of the French invasion and its resistance, and its experience widened through governing with the French and learning the new knowledge.
  • Its most prominent men: Sayed Omar Makram (naqib al-ashraf), Sayed Muhammad al-Sadat (a leader of the Sufi orders), Sheikh Abdullah al-Sharkawy and Sheikh Muhammad al-Mahdi (of the ulema), and Sayed Ahmed al-Maharagi (of the senior merchants).

The people's revolt and the appointment of Muhammad Ali

  • Egyptian anger grew against the Dalatoğlu and the imposition of taxes, so the leaders of the people — the ulema and the naqibs of the guilds — met at the court house (May 1805).
  • They resolved to depose Khorshid Pasha and appoint Muhammad Ali wali in his place.
  • They took pledges from him to go by justice and to conclude no matter without their counsel.
  • This was the first time in modern Egyptian history that a wali was deposed by the will of the people and another appointed by that will; the event is therefore counted as the first social contract in Egypt and the Arab homeland.
  • Khorshid did not yield; fighting broke out and Omar Makram led the resistance in Muhammad Ali's favour, until the sultan's messenger arrived with consent to his appointment, and the ulema and the subjects were satisfied.

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