Point 9 of 9 — Lesson 30: Syria, Lebanon and Iraq – From Mandate to IndependenceQuestion bank: 0 questions (0 with pictures)
09Iraq in and after the Second World War
England triedto strengthen its forces in Iraq; theIraqi government objectedandthe Iraqi officers were keen to fight the English, believing thatGermany would come to their rescue.
A large English force moved from Basra against the rebelsanda force moved from Jordan; andthe Iraqi forces were defeated (May 1941).
After the war thenational movement returned to its strength, demanding independence. The prime ministerSalih Jabr entered negotiations that produced the treaty of Portsmouth, whichkept for the English the right to retain air bases; the Iraqi peoplerose against it until it failed and Salih Jabr's government fell.
The regent of the throne and Nuri al-Said believed that coming to terms with England was more profitable than revolting against it, so Iraqjoined the Baghdad Pact in 1955 with England, Iran, Pakistan and Turkey.
At the same timeEgypt, under Nasser's leadership, was raising the banner of liberation from colonialism and adopting the policy of positive neutralism, whichhelped the opposition movement to the Iraqi regimeandprepared the way for the revolution of July 1958, which ended the royal regime and set up a republican system.
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