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Iraq in and after the Second World War

Iraq in and after the Second World War

Point 9 of 9 — Lesson 30: Syria, Lebanon and Iraq – From Mandate to IndependenceQuestion bank: 0 questions (0 with pictures)

09Iraq in and after the Second World War

  • England tried to strengthen its forces in Iraq; the Iraqi government objected and the Iraqi officers were keen to fight the English, believing that Germany would come to their rescue.
  • A large English force moved from Basra against the rebels and a force moved from Jordan; and the Iraqi forces were defeated (May 1941).
  • After the war the national movement returned to its strength, demanding independence. The prime minister Salih Jabr entered negotiations that produced the treaty of Portsmouth, which kept for the English the right to retain air bases; the Iraqi people rose against it until it failed and Salih Jabr's government fell.
  • The regent of the throne and Nuri al-Said believed that coming to terms with England was more profitable than revolting against it, so Iraq joined the Baghdad Pact in 1955 with England, Iran, Pakistan and Turkey.
  • At the same time Egypt, under Nasser's leadership, was raising the banner of liberation from colonialism and adopting the policy of positive neutralism, which helped the opposition movement to the Iraqi regime and prepared the way for the revolution of July 1958, which ended the royal regime and set up a republican system.

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