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12.1Unit 2: Dissolving, solubility and chromatography

Dissolving — Cambridge Checkpoint Science 0893 Revision Notes & Topical Questions

5 min read 7 parts Lesson 1 of 4 1 quiz

📚 Cambridge Checkpoint Science 0893 Hub / Topical Revision
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Lesson summary

12.1 Dissolving — CHECKPOINT (CHEMISTRY) notes: Describe dissolving with particle theory and distinguish it from melting.Solute = the substance that dissolvesSolvent = the substance it dissolves intoSolution = a mixture of solute and solvent, e.g.

  • After dissolving
  • Transparent
  • Difference
  • Solution = a mixture of solute and solvent, e.g. sugar in water
  • A sugar crystal is visible because many groups of vibrating particles are tightly packed
  • Water particles slide past each other and bump into the sugar particles

Section 1 of 7Solutions

Solute
Solute the substance that dissolves
Solvent
Solvent the substance it dissolves into
Solution
Solution a mixture of solute and solvent, e.g. sugar in water
After dissolving
  • After dissolving the solute is still there; its particles have spread out among the solvent particles

Section 2 of 7Dissolving with particles

1
A sugar crystal is visible because many groups of vibrating particles are tightly packed.
2
Water particles slide past each other and bump into the sugar particles.
3
The movement separates the sugar particles and mixes them with the water particles.
4
Eventually the sugar particles are no longer in groups and are too small to see.

Section 3 of 7Properties of solutions

Transparent
  • Transparent all solutions are transparent, so you can see through them
  • Transparent does not mean colourlesscopper sulfate solution is blue.
Opaque
  • Opaque milk cannot be seen through, so it is not a solution

Section 4 of 7Dissolving or melting

DissolvingMelting
Sugar in black teaButter in a frying pan
Instant coffee in hot waterIce cream on a warm day
Nail polish in removerCandle wax as it burns
  • Difference
    • dissolving needs two substances, a solute and a solvent

Section 5 of 7Mass is conserved

Mass
  • Mass mass of solute + mass of solvent = mass of solution
Meaning
  • Meaning no mass is lost when a solid dissolves; the particles are still in the solution

Section 6 of 7Key terms

TermMeaning
SoluteSubstance that dissolves.
SolventSubstance that a solute dissolves in.
SolutionMixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent.
TransparentCan be seen through.
OpaqueCannot be seen through.

Section 7 of 7Exam technique

1
Confusing melting with dissolving.
2
Saying the solute disappears — it is still present.
3
Saying transparent means colourless.
4
Saying milk is a solution.

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