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Integrated Science — First Secondary

Integrated Science — First Secondary

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Question bank: Module 8 — Ecological Balance and the Role of Humans in Sustaining Aquatic Life

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  • Questions count: 40
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1.
Ecological balance is
a fixed unchanging state
a state of dynamic stability in an ecosystem
the absence of living organisms
an increase in all populations
2.
Which of these is NOT one of the three aspects of ecological balance?
nutrient balance
balance among living organisms
energy flow through food webs
increasing temperature
3.
The nutrients most important for the growth of algae and aquatic plants are
nitrogen and phosphorus
sodium and chlorine
iron and lead
helium and neon
4.
Excessive nutrient levels in a lake lead to
decreased plant growth
an abnormal algal bloom
increased biodiversity
clearer water
5.
Eutrophication ultimately reduces the dissolved oxygen because
algae release much oxygen at night
bacteria decomposing dead algae consume oxygen
fish eat oxygen
the water cools
6.
The usual source of the extra nitrates and phosphates in rivers is
fertilisers and sewage
snow
sunlight
rain only
7.
The role of predatory fish in aquatic ecosystems is
to increase the algae
to control the numbers of prey fish and other organisms
to reduce the nutrients
to produce oxygen
8.
If predatory fish decrease because of overfishing, the small fish population
decreases
may increase excessively
stays the same
disappears
9.
In an aquatic food web energy flows
from consumers to producers
from producers to consumers
from decomposers to the Sun
in a circle without loss
10.
Which organisms are the producers in a lake?
fish
algae and aquatic plants
zooplankton
bacteria of decay
11.
Zooplankton are
producers
primary consumers
top predators
decomposers
12.
Only about ___ of the energy at one trophic level passes to the next.
1 %
10 %
50 %
90 %
13.
Food chains usually have only 4–5 levels because
there are not enough species
energy decreases at each level
predators are lazy
the water is too cold
14.
If small fish are heavily eaten by predators, the zooplankton population
decreases
increases
is unaffected
disappears
15.
In the coral reef example, predatory fish keep in check
corals
sea urchins
algae-making bacteria
turtles
16.
Which of the following is a negative human impact on aquatic ecosystems?
sustainable development programs
pollution by pesticides and heavy metals
environmental education
marine protected areas
17.
Overfishing leads to
improved water quality
a decline in populations and disturbed balance
more predatory fish
stable prey
18.
The main cause of biodiversity loss in aquatic ecosystems is
sustainable fishing
habitat destruction
natural predation
balanced nutrient levels
19.
Wetlands and coral reefs are examples of
pollutants
habitats whose destruction reduces biodiversity
minerals
predators
20.
Which of these is a role humans can play to maintain ecological balance?
ignoring resource management
conserving natural resources
increasing pollution
overusing water
21.
Sustainable development means development that
meets present needs without compromising future generations
stops all development
uses up resources quickly
benefits only industry
22.
Which is NOT a role humans can play?
conserving natural resources
limiting environmental awareness programmes
promoting sustainable development
avoiding pollution
23.
Which of the following practices is eco-friendly?
dumping oil in drains
sorting waste and reducing water use
using more plastic bags
fishing with dynamite
24.
The best way to raise awareness about ecological balance is
reducing educational programmes
campaigns in schools and media
removing ecosystems from curricula
encouraging overuse
25.
Heavy metals in water are dangerous because they
are easily broken down
accumulate in the tissues of organisms
are food
lower the pH only
26.
Biomagnification refers to
growth of fish
increasing concentration of toxins at higher trophic levels
increase in plankton
increase in oxygen
27.
Thermal pollution (hot water from power stations) harms fish because it
increases oxygen
decreases dissolved oxygen and speeds metabolism
cools the water
decreases the pH to zero
28.
The River Nile supplies Egypt with more than ___ of its renewable fresh water.
5 %
25 %
50 %
95 %
29.
Which of the following is a main source of pollution of the Nile?
sunshine
untreated sewage and industrial discharge
the Moon
wind
30.
A modern technique that saves irrigation water is
flood irrigation
drip irrigation
spraying at midday
using more fertiliser
31.
Rising sea level threatens the Nile Delta through
flooding and salt-water intrusion
more sediment
colder water
less evaporation
32.
A food web differs from a food chain in that it
has one path only
consists of many interconnected chains
has no producers
has no energy flow
33.
Which group recycles nutrients in the ecosystem?
decomposers
producers
top predators
herbivores
34.
Which of these is the most direct consequence of not protecting aquatic ecosystems?
loss of biodiversity
improved water quality
increased species diversity
improved balance
35.
Marine protected areas help to
increase fishing without limit
allow populations and habitats to recover
increase pollution
remove predators
36.
Which gas is most important for the survival of fish that is depleted in algal blooms?
nitrogen
dissolved oxygen
argon
helium
37.
A trophic cascade means
a waterfall
a change at one level spreading through other levels of a food web
a type of fish
the flow of the river
38.
Which of these is a sustainable use of a fishery?
catching more than the stock regrows
catching less than or equal to the yearly regrowth
using dynamite
catching only juveniles
39.
Which of the following would you include in a plan to protect the Nile?
wastewater treatment and monitoring
more dumping
removing wetlands
ignoring climate change
40.
The main purpose of maintaining ecological balance is
to increase the population of all organisms
to maintain dynamic stability and continuous energy flow
to increase fish catches without limit
to eliminate predators
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