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Unit 12: Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis — one card for every lesson
Unit 12 overview: Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipUnit 12 overview: Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis
Unit 12 overview — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES: Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis — 3 topics and 8 lessons. Work through the lessons in order, then use each lesson's Key terms and Common mistakes tabs to revise.TopicLessons12.1 Experimental Techniques12.1.1 Apparatus for Measurements12.1.2…
Open the lessonApparatus for Measurements
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipApparatus for Measurements
12.1.1 Apparatus for Measurements — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Choose suitable apparatus to measure time, temperature, mass and the volume of liquids and gases, and record readings in the correct units.mass loss balance stopwatch apparatusTimeTime Measured with a stopwatch or stopclock,…
Open the lessonSolutions
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipSolutions
12.1.2 Solutions — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Define the key terms used to describe solutions and separations, and apply them to everyday examples.SolutionSoluteSolute The substance that dissolves. In seawater the solute is the salt.SolventSolvent The liquid that the solute dissolves in.…
Open the lessonAcid-Base Titrations
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipAcid-Base Titrations
12.1.3 Acid-Base Titrations — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Describe an acid-base titration using a burette, a volumetric pipette and a suitable indicator, and calculate concentrations.TitrationTitration a method of analysing the concentration of a solutionUseUse finds exactly how much alkali neutralises a…
Open the lessonPaper Chromatography
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipPaper Chromatography
12.2.1 Paper Chromatography — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Describe how to run a paper chromatogram, interpret the results to identify pure and impure substances, and calculate Rf values.chromatography rf distances1Solvent risesSolvent rises The solvent soaks up the paper by capillary action…
Open the lessonSeparation and Purification Techniques
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipSeparation and Purification Techniques
12.2.2 Separation and Purification Techniques — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Describe and choose filtration, crystallisation, simple and fractional distillation and chromatography.Key ideasRf = distance moved by substance (cm) ÷ distance moved by solvent front (cm); no units; 0 < Rf <…
Open the lessonIdentification of Anions
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipIdentification of Anions
12.3.1 Identification of Anions — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Describe the tests for carbonate, halide, nitrate and sulfate ions and state the positive result of each.What is an anion?What is an anion? An anion is a negatively charged ion, here formed…
Open the lessonIdentification of Cations
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipIdentification of Cations
12.3.2 Identification of Cations — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Use sodium hydroxide and ammonia solutions to identify ammonium ions and the metal ions calcium, copper(II), iron(II), iron(III) and zinc.1Add sodium hydroxide solution to the sample, which supplies hydroxide ions.2Warm the mixture…
Open the lessonIdentification of Gases
Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis Tap to flipIdentification of Gases
12.3.3 Identification of Gases — CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES notes: Describe tests for aqueous cations using NaOH, NH3 and flame tests.1Carbonate + acid → salt + water + carbon dioxideCO32− + 2H+ → H2O + CO2.2Limewater testCa(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 (white…
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