Matter and Its Properties

Science — First Preparatory

Applications and examples from life

Comparison aspect	Main idea	Keywords
Ships float	a steel ship floats because its average density including the air inside its hull is less than the density of sea water even though steel is denser than water	steelfloatsbecauseaverage
Ice floats on water	ice is less dense than water so most of an iceberg or a lake’s ice stays above the surface. This layer insulates the water below so living things there do not freeze completely	lessdensemosticeberg
Measuring the density of a stone	we find its mass is 120 g. We then submerge it in a measuring cylinder with water. The level rises from 50 cm³ to 90 cm³ so its volume is 40 cm³. Density = 120 ÷ 40 = 3 g/cm³	findmassthensubmerge

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