Curriculum
Course: Science — Second Preparatory
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Curriculum

Science — Second Preparatory

Unit 1: Matter and Energy

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Unit 2: Matter and Chemical Reactions

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Unit 3: Energy Flow in Photosynthesis and Respiration

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Unit 4: Geological Processes

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Text lesson

Internal Energy and Temperature

Science — Second Preparatory

Internal Energy and Temperature

Internal energy

Internal energy

Internal energy→of a substance is the total of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of all its particles. Each particle has kinetic energy because it moves or vibrates, and potential energy because of the forces of attraction between it and the particles next to it.
Comparison aspectMain ideaKeywords
Kinetic energythe energy a particle has because it moves or vibratesparticlebecausemovesvibrates
Potential energy
  • the energy linked to the position of the particles relative to each other
  • which depends on the attractive forces between them
linkedpositionparticlesrelative
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  • The internal energy of a substance increases when the kinetic energy of its particles increases or when their arrangement changes
  • as happens when it is heated
internalenergysubstanceincreases
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