Why electric cells are connected in series in cars and electronics: To achieve a high aggregate electromotive force (voltage) by summing the individual voltages of the cells.
Why electric cells are connected in parallel To obtain an electric current that lasts for a much longer operational period while maintaining a stable, low terminal voltage equal to a single cell.
Function of the Rheostat (Variable Resistor) in electric circuits: A sliding contact alters the effective length of the resistance wire included in the circuit (since R ∝ L), thereby smoothly regulating current intensity and potential difference.
Unit 2 — Electricity and Magnetism · 23 / 25
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