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Course: Science — Third Preparatory
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Science — Third Preparatory

Text lesson

Unit 3 — Variation of Traits in Living Organisms

Science — Third Preparatory

Unit 3 — Variation of Traits in Living Organisms

1.11 Summary of Lesson 1

1.11 Summary of Lesson 1

  • DNA → chromosome → gene; gametes carry one copy, zygote two.
  • Alleles, dominant/recessive, homozygous/heterozygous, genotype/phenotype.
  • Mendel’s first law segregation; 100% dominant in F₁ and 3 : 1 in F₂.
  • Mendel’s second law independent assortment; 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 in F₂.
  • The Punnett square predicts offspring.
  • Recessive genetic diseases appear when both alleles are the disease allele; carriers look healthy; relatives’ marriage raises risk; screening and counselling reduce it.
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