Curriculum

Course: Science — Second Preparatory

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Curriculum

Science — Second Preparatory

Unit 1: Matter and Energy

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Unit 2: Matter and Chemical Reactions

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Unit 3: Energy Flow in Photosynthesis and Respiration

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Unit 4: Geological Processes

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Text lesson

Formation of Minerals and Soil

Science — Second Preparatory

Formation of Minerals and Soil

How soil forms

How soil forms

Soil→is the loose surface layer of the Earth’s crust. It is made of:

Comparison aspect	Main idea	Keywords
Broken rock	produced by mechanical and chemical weathering of rocks. It makes up most of the soil	producedmechanicalchemicalweathering
Organic matter (humus)	the decayed remains of plants and animals which increase the fertility of the soil	decayedremainsplantsanimals
Water and air	fill the spaces between the grains and are needed by plant roots and tiny organisms	fillspacesbetweengrains
Living organisms	such as bacteria fungi and earthworms which help decompose organic matter	bacteriafungiearthwormshelp
•	Soil takes thousands of years to form a layer only a few centimetres thick so it must be protected	Soiltakesthousandsyears

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